, is of interest not only to first-year students who have completed their internship for the first time, but also to students whose term of study will soon end. How to write a practice report so that it is accepted the first time, what you should pay attention to and how to avoid the most common mistakes - you will learn about all this from our article.
Practice report: general information
Students of most universities do practice three times during the entire period of study, and each time a detailed report is required.
Introductory practice
Introductory practice is held at the beginning of training - in 1-2 courses. The requirements for the report, as a rule, are not the highest: it is enough to describe the principle of the enterprise and draw conclusions about the compliance of the standards of work of the chosen specialty adopted at it.
Internship
The passage of industrial practice involves the reinforcement of already acquired theoretical knowledge with practical skills. That is, the trainee (usually a 3-4 year student) is directly involved in the activities of the enterprise.
Accordingly, the report should contain information about self-performed actions, confirmed by applications. As applications, samples of documents developed by the trainee, examples of calculations or drawings are usually used, depending on the profile of education.
Undergraduate practice
Pre-graduation internship always precedes the passing of state examinations. In addition to the presence of applications, the report should contain information about the use of acquired skills and information when writing a thesis. Otherwise, the requirements for reports on undergraduate and industrial practice are almost identical.
How to write a practice report
How to write a practice report to avoid problems when defending it? To do this, it is recommended to break the work of compiling the report into three stages:
- Planning.
- Analysis of the collected information.
- Direct writing of the report.
Practice Report Plan
Many universities provide students with ready-made plans, designed in the form of methodological recommendations. Those who are less fortunate will have to make a plan on their own.
As a rule, a practice report has the following structure:
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- Introduction.
- The general part, which includes various sections and subsections.
- Conclusion.
- Applications.
- List of literature and documents.
The plan itself should also be present in the report in the form of a table of contents or table of contents.
Information analysis
The progress of the practice and its results are reflected in a special diary, which must be completed throughout the entire duration of the internship. Therefore, before compiling a report, it is quite enough to refresh the contents of the diary in memory and outline a list of literature that can be used to reinforce the information available.
For example, law students who have been involved in the practice of drafting contracts and regulatory documents can refer to the legislative framework when writing a report, future teachers - to methodological recommendations for teaching various disciplines, etc.
Report writing
Drawing up a report according to a predetermined plan is a consistent presentation of the theoretical information obtained during the internship, supported by practical examples.
It would be logical to divide the text of the report into two parts:
- description of a particular enterprise: structure, organizational form, line of business and regulatory documents regulating it, production standards, etc.;
- a statement of the essence of the practice passed: the amount and type of work performed, the problems that arose and ways to resolve them, the designation of the results of the internship, etc.
Preparation of a report on production practice
The question of how to write a practice report correctly is not only about content, but also about form. The requirements for the preparation of reports - both for production, and for introductory or undergraduate practice - are generally the same in all universities, but in order to avoid the need to redo work, at the risk of not getting admission to exams, it is better to clarify all the nuances at the department in advance.
In particular, the standards for formatting the plan may differ: in the form of a table of contents that reveals only the main sections of the report, or content that points to specific paragraphs and subparagraphs. In addition, there are often difficulties with the order of the report elements: for example, the place of insertion of applications - before the conclusion, after it, or their distribution according to the main text.
However, there are also general standards for preparing a report on practice, which must be followed in any case:
- the finished report must be bound (binding is allowed) and numbered, with the numbering starting from page 2;
- The cover of the report contains the following data:
- name of the educational institution;
- year of the report;
- title of the report;
- Full name of the student, number of the course and group;
- the name of the enterprise that provided the internship;
- Full name of the curator of the practice from the university.
- the report is made on sheets of white paper A4 in typewritten version, typeface - Times New Roman, point size - 14;
- report form fields sizes:
- 30 mm - on the left margin;
- 20 mm - along the top and bottom margins;
- 10 mm - on the right margin.
In addition, all sections and paragraphs must be numbered; subsections and subparagraphs are numbered within the parent paragraph.
Important: mathematical symbols (with the exception of numbers) in the text of a practice report are usually prohibited - their use is only allowed in applications (formulas, calculations, figures, etc.).
The main purpose of the report on the work done is a written record of the outcome of specific actions. Sample, template, example can be downloaded for free.
A progress report is an abstract concept. This document, which accompanies any act of the subject of legal relations, has a free form of execution. The main purpose of the act in question is the written fixation of specific actions. The page contains an example, a template, and sample progress report. Using a special direct link, you can download the desired text for free. The simplest format will allow you to change some paper abstracts in a word text editor, and apply the form in your own practice.
A report on the work done will be necessary for various professions and specialties: kindergarten teacher, chairman of the HOA, nurse and other professions. Since the pact under discussion has the goal of summing up some results, its writing requires special attention from the author. When compiling a report on the work done, it is necessary to exclude grammatical and punctuation errors in the text as much as possible. The content must be checked several times and only then made public and publicized.
Mandatory items of the progress report
:- Director's approval, top right;
- Name of the final regulation;
- The period for which information is provided, full name of the accountable person;
- Then performance indicators are entered in the form of a table or points;
- At the end, the results are summed up, the person's signature and transcript are put.
ANSWER:
(the material was prepared by I. Kurolesov, Leading Legal Counsel of SPAR RETAIL CJSC)
Increasingly, employers require their employees to report on the work performed, and it does not matter what kind of work they do, what positions they hold, how long they have been working in the company. And, as a rule, such a right of the employer is not prescribed in any internal documents of the company. Despite this, employees unconditionally draw up reports for the month, for the quarter, for the year - depending on the purpose of their preparation (after all, it is extremely difficult to object to the employer). In the article we will talk about why a progress report is needed, who and under what conditions can require it to be submitted, what it should contain, whether it is necessary to approve
its form and store it according to all the rules.
What is the report for?
It is known that the need to attract personnel should be economically justified, because the remuneration of employees for the organization is an expense item, and quite significant. Almost every head of the structural unit of the organization, selecting employees through the personnel service, must justify the following important points to the management:
- staffing of the unit;
- subdivision wage fund;
- the organizational structure of the unit;
- functionality of the employees of the department;
- requirements for candidates (education, qualifications, work experience, professional skills, etc.).
Only after the motivated proposal of the head of the structural unit to hire employees is approved by the management, it will be possible to open vacancies and look for candidates. However, the rationale for the need to "maintenance" a particular employee is not
ends after he is hired. On the contrary, it is just beginning. So, he will need to perform the amount of work determined by his immediate supervisor. I must say that in a rare organization, production rates are calculated (this is usually done by economists and financiers, who, even if they work in a company, always have more important work). In practice, the task of distributing the amount of work between employees of a structural unit, as a rule, lies on the shoulders of the head of the unit, who must act on the principle "every employee should be in business." At the same time, the head of the department must plan the work of his wards. In turn, the employee, in order to work more efficiently, must plan his own working time. After the plan is drawn up and approved by the head of the structural unit in the manner established in the organization, it must be adhered to by the head
structural unit, and subordinate employees. Of course, in order to take into account the work done both by the unit as a whole and by its individual employees, when comparing it with the approved plan, there is a need for a report.
Thus, the employee's report is necessary for:
- substantiation of expenses for remuneration of employees of the structural unit;
- using it as a basis for the purpose of submitting reports to contractors under civil law contracts for the provision of services / performance of work by their personnel (including outsourcing and outstaffing agreements);
- creating a kind of order and discipline in the unit;
- quick communication: which of the employees, when and what kind of work performed (for example, in the event of conflict situations related to non-performance or improper performance by the employee of his job duties).
When is a report required?
It is important to note that the issue of providing employees with reports on the work performed is regulated by law only if the employee is sent on a business trip.
As for the other cases, it is obvious that it is necessary to submit reports on the work done on a mandatory basis only to those employees whose job duties include this, i.e. who has it spelled out in the employment contract and / or job description. Here are excerpts from these documents as an example.
Who can request a report?
The question arises: to whom exactly should the employee report? To answer it, it is important to understand to whom the employee directly reports. As a rule, in the employment contract, as well as the job description (if any), this information is indicated. Consequently, this immediate supervisor of the employee has the right to demand a report from him. Moreover, he has the right to demand a report not only on the implementation of the planned work, but also on any other.
Please note: an employee's report on the work performed can be used as the basis for a bonus system, i.e. incentives for employees of the organization. Then its content may indicate the following indicators for the appointment and payment of bonuses:
- fulfillment of the standard;
- performance of an additional amount of work within the framework of the employee's official duties;
- high-quality and prompt execution of especially important tasks and especially urgent works, one-time tasks of management within the framework of the employee's job duties, etc. And vice versa: if the employee was assigned to perform certain work, but for some reason he did not complete it, the report will help the immediate supervisor identify the reasons (more precisely, you yourself must demonstrate them to him in the report).
If the report is missing
"But what if an employee refuses to submit a report on the work performed," managers sometimes ask, "is it possible to punish him for this?" Theoretically possible. Article 192 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation provides for disciplinary liability for non-performance or improper performance by an employee of the labor duties assigned to him. Accordingly, if the submission of a report on the work performed is the duty of the employee (i.e., it is enshrined in the employment contract and / or job description), then the employer has the right to apply the following disciplinary sanctions for failure to perform or improper performance of this duty: a remark or a reprimand (depending on on the seriousness of the disciplinary offence).
Of course, it is unlikely that any employer in practice will punish an employee in this way for not submitting a work report by the right time. Moreover, the employer, rather, needs not the report itself, but the performance of the work. And usually an employee who did not submit a report at the request of the employer has problems not with the report itself, but with
performance of assigned work. Therefore, it is more correct for the employer to apply a disciplinary sanction precisely for non-fulfillment or improper fulfillment by the employee of his direct labor duties, rather than for failure to submit a report.
What is included in the content of the report?
The employee's report may contain:
- work performed (can be listed in quantitative or percentage terms, indicating the time of work performance and without it, etc.):
- planned work;
- unscheduled work;
- FULL NAME. and the position of the person who is the customer of the work (or the name of the customer organization);
- the status of the work (completed in full or only some part);
- the result of the work (a document was prepared, a meeting was held, etc.);
- to whom the result of the work was transferred;
- with whom the employee interacted in the performance of work;
- whether the work performed corresponds to the approved plan;
- the date of the report, as well as the period following the results of which the report was compiled.
Of course, these are only approximate components of the report. It may not be as detailed.
A simplified version of the report is appropriate in cases where an organization or a specific structural unit has a system for submitting daily reports by employees. In a simplified version, the report mainly contains the following elements:
- FULL NAME. and position of the employee;
- the structural unit where the employee works;
- work performed (scheduled and unscheduled);
- the date of the report, as well as the period on the basis of which the report was compiled.
Please note: the report must be signed by the employee and handed over to the immediate supervisor.
Do I need to approve the report form?
As you know, there is no unified form for reporting an employee on the work performed.
Firstly, because the legislation does not oblige employees to make such reports.
Secondly, each organization has its own specific activities and leadership style. This means that in principle it is not possible to approve a single report form for all.
However, if the organization has established a workflow, properly recorded and stored documents, then it will be quite adequate to approve the form of employee reports on the work performed. You can approve it in one of the following ways:
- as part of a local regulation, for example, instructions for office work or staff regulations (if employees centrally report on the work done);
- by order (if employees of only certain structural divisions are engaged in this).
Should a report be kept?
Regardless of whether the form of the employee's report on the work performed in the organization is approved or not, such reports are subject to storage. The question is, how long should they be stored? Regulatory legal acts do not provide for the rules for storing reports on
work performed, the compilation of which is not mandatory. Nevertheless, here are some excerpts from the List of typical managerial archival documents of 2010.
We recommend, based on the above items of the List, to adhere to the following storage periods for reports:
- an employee's report on the work performed by him (except for "business trip") - within 1 year;
- a summary report on the work of the structural unit - within 5 years.
You will find this and other consultations on topical issues in the information bank "Accounting Press and Books" of the "ConsultantPlus" system.
Practice is the most important link in the student's preparation stage. This is a way to get to know the production process from the inside, to consolidate and apply the knowledge gained during training. Industrial training allows you to get to know the peculiarities of the functioning of the enterprise, to form skills of practical work, which in many respects differ from theoretical knowledge. For enterprises, this is a chance to replenish their ranks with young, competent specialists.
How is the internship
Passage of industrial practice is obligatory both for students of higher and vocational educational institutions.
You should not consider it as another uninteresting task. The event could be start of a successful career the opportunity to get a job immediately after graduation.
This is not a formality, but a unique opportunity to find your bearings in the profession, to assess your capabilities even at the stage of graduation. Therefore, from practical activities, you need to try to get the maximum benefit and show yourself from the best side.
The internship at the enterprise provides the graduate with the following opportunities:
Usually, students are sent for internships in organizations with which the educational institution has an agreement. The main activities of the company must correspond to the specialization of the student.
For students it is not forbidden to independently choose the base for the implementation of practical activities. With the consent of the head of the enterprise, it is necessary to enlist the approval of the educational institution.
All organizational aspects of the practice lie with the administration of the university. The department should develop teaching aids and a plan for its passage.
The student, at the time of gaining practical experience, has the following responsibilities:
- Carry a diary and all accompanying materials with you.
- Clearly follow all the instructions of the assigned mentor.
- Familiarize yourself with the internal instructions of the enterprise on labor protection and internal regulations. Strictly observe them.
- Follow the work schedule established at the enterprise, fulfill the duties assigned to him and be responsible for their high-quality performance.
- Report on the work done.
trainee follows an individual plan, taking into account the characteristics of each specialty. During the period of practical activity, the program must be fully implemented. All actions reflected in the diary and report, which must be protected by the manager. The acquired skills are assessed, about which a mark is put in the grade book.
How to start writing a report
Regardless of the type of practice, its end is fixed by the report. This document reflects the professional training of the future specialist, his business qualities, acquired knowledge.
The qualitative performance of the task is very important for the student, since the place of practice is selected in accordance with the future profession. That is, the student is placed in an atmosphere corresponding to his specialty.
The attitude of the student to the tasks assigned, his responsibility and acumen, indicate how he will behave in future employment.
Before starting to write a report, it is necessary to study all documents related to the activities of the organization, regulations, company structure. The student describes his activities, not only using job descriptions, but directly based on the work process.
A young, well-trained specialist can make recommendations to the work process. About your achievements and views on the work of the enterprise must be included in the report.
All information is presented in accordance with established reporting standards. Therefore, writing a document begins with the study of the methodological manual received at the educational institution.
A manual is a step-by-step instruction that helps a student to structure a document structurally.
A grant is issued at the department. It contains all the information about the objectives of the practice and the rules for preparing the report.
Based on the training manual, an action plan is drawn up, it is with it that the writing of the document begins. The points of the plan are the goals of the practice. Based on them, the student selects key information about the enterprise, analyzes the workflow and makes his recommendations.
It is impossible to write a competent report without a real involvement in the work activity. Therefore, you need to start with the practical part, then writing a document will not be any difficulty.
Any incomprehensible question can be clarified directly with the mentor or other employees of the organization. For any clarification, you can contact the curators. This is a fixed mentor at the place of practice and a direct supervisor from the educational institution.
Do not try to change the structure of the report. It is generally accepted and does not complicate, but facilitates writing a document.
Document structure
Following the guidelines, the student is required to keep a daily diary. It reflects the daily activities of the student:
- to collect information;
- activities in the workplace;
- about the type of work performed;
- about achievements and experiences.
The mentor from the organization must endorse the diary after completing the internship. If it is provided for by the program, the supervisor can give the student practical tasks and, based on the results of their implementation, put grades and comments in the diary.
The diary is an integral part of the practice report. Without it, the task is not accepted for verification.
The structure of the document is formed on the basis of the methodological manual.
For higher education institutions, the development of an individual program of practice report is not prohibited. If the university uses a generally accepted system, then the structure of the report on production practice is as follows:
- Title page.
- Content.
- Introduction.
- Main part.
- Conclusion.
- Applications.
There may be slight differences in structure depending on the type of practice.
Each educational institution has a standard title page design. . The following mandatory information must be entered in it in a certain order:
- name of the university;
- department, specialty, course, group, etc.;
- the topic of the report and its type;
- link to the head of the practice;
- surname, name and patronymic of the student;
- the location of the educational institution;
- year of submission of the document.
Changing the names of plan items or transferring them to other pages that do not correspond to the content is prohibited.
The introduction is formed from the methodological manual. It outlines the practical goals and objectives that the student was expected to complete. The place of implementation of practical activities is described.
The main part contains two subsections:
- theoretical;
- practical.
The practical part begins with a description of the technical and economic indicators of the enterprise where the student was located. Its structure and normative documentation are described. This is followed by a section with calculations, a description of the functional tasks performed by the university student.
The conclusion is the most important section of the report. In him the student can draw conclusions about the work done, summarize the final analysis of the organization's activities, describe their achievements on the spot and make recommendations for improving the work of the organization as a whole or in a separate area.
Application. This is the final section of the document. When writing the main text, the student could refer to various applications. They are listed. Initial in order is the one to which the first link goes.
A full practice report should contain the following documents:
- Direction for practice (This document is issued by universities and certified by the signature and seal of the organization that accepted the student for practice).
- Practice diary. (Without the signature and seal of the enterprise is considered invalid).
- The contract for the passage of industrial practice.
- Plan of production practice (clearly broken down by days and topics).
- A testimonial or testimonial written by a mentor from the enterprise. It must be certified by the signature and seal of the organization.
- A report on the completion of an internship, drawn up in accordance with the requirements of the educational institution.
This list applies to all types of practice and is standardly applied in all educational institutions.
Types of practice and features of reports after them
In higher educational institutions, three-time internships are provided. The first tasks appear already in the first year. The following types of practical activities are necessary for a university student:
- Educational.
- Production.
- Undergraduate.
Before the event, the leader is obliged to convey to the students the main points of the learning process, explain the meaning and formulate key tasks. Each type of practice has its own specific features and implementation schedule.
Educational
Students can gain practical experience after the first or second semester of study. The program of practical tasks is developed by each university individually. At the same time, students are not necessarily sent to any enterprise. Classes can be held on the territory of the educational institution, in its workshops or laboratories.
Educational practice takes several forms:
- excursion. Future specialists visit the enterprise, observe the production process;
- self introduction. Students are allowed individual visits to the organization, communication with staff;
- practical lessons. They can be carried out both in an educational institution and at an enterprise.
Its main goal is to develop practical experience and consolidate the studied theoretical material.
Production
She organized in the third, fourth year. Main the purpose of the task is to allow the student to study the features of his chosen profession in a real workplace. There, the student is attached to a mentor who controls his activities, helps to study the work process from the inside.
A university student should become an assistant to a leading specialist, for example, an assistant to a merchandiser or a personnel manager.
Undergraduate
This type of practice is before defending the thesis. It completes the student's learning phase.
The goal is to obtain information for writing a graduation project, to establish oneself as a young specialist and to gain labor communication skills.
There are significant methodological differences between educational and industrial practice. In the first case the student gets acquainted with the general process, in the second - directly takes part in it. Therefore, the study practice report will not contain a practice section.
The difference between diploma and industrial practice is not so significant. Pre-diploma practice is a summing up, an impetus to a successful professional activity.
Protection
When the practice is completed and fully described in the report, it is necessary to prepare for its defense. For a student who independently prepared a document and really was in practice, this it won't be hard to do.
He doesn't even have to learn or memorize anything. Gained practical experience, collection and processing of the information received long-term memory. The university student needs to be well versed in his own report in order to view the necessary information if necessary.
Before the defense, it is worth preparing a speech. Formulate a competent report oral presentation, which won't take more than 15 minutes. It should contain the key points of the report, presented in a business style.
A complete and specific presentation of information will minimize the questions asked by the commission.
Often to protect a document need to prepare a short presentation. It consists of several slides, which will be absolutely not difficult. You can prepare other visual information. Tables, graphs, lists and formulas in a visual image help to better perceive information.
well written the report is not a guarantee of an excellent rating. Appearance, delivered speech, interesting presentation and competent report are the key to successful defense of the report.
Educational institutions make serious demands on students. But if you approach the work carefully and responsibly, study and follow all the methodological recommendations, compiling a practice report will not seem like a very difficult task.
In this video, you can clearly see the rules for preparing a report on production practice.
The labor process consists of setting tasks by the manager and their implementation by the employee of the company. From time to time, each employee makes a report on the work done. The frequency depends on the internal rules of the enterprise, as well as the form. The importance of this document to management should not be underestimated.
In this article, we will look at how to properly format a report on the work done, a sample of filling out a document and some tips for compiling it.
Why you need to be able to properly report on work
The workflow can be represented as a complex mechanism in which each employee of the company is a gear. In this example, the head of the organization acts as an engineer who is obliged to ensure that all mechanisms work smoothly and as quickly as possible.
In real life, it is quite difficult for bosses to assess how well employees are doing their job if they do not see the results of their work. Therefore, in almost all enterprises, management obliges each employee to regularly draw up a report on the work done. Often this document is created with a frequency of 1 week. Thus, the authorities can see what the employees were doing, as well as how useful they were to the enterprise.
Wrong example
The document is in free form. Perhaps that is why there are a large number of reports that do not say anything to management or make you think that the worker is not coping with the functions assigned to him. At the same time, a particular employee can be a real hard worker and overfulfill his plan. The reason for this is an incorrectly drawn up report on the work done. Below is an example of such a document. 
Type of document: report on the work done for the period from February 15, 2016 to February 19, 2016.
The following has been done:
- timing of the working time of the production shop was carried out;
- the results of timekeeping were included in the work program;
- new norms of time are calculated;
- responses to requests from labor inspectorates, as well as several clients;
- took part in a conference on improving the efficiency of labor at the enterprise.
Compilation date: 02/19/16
Signature: Yu. R. Petrov.”
If an employee writes a report on the work done in this way, then the management will consider that he is underloaded.
What are the mistakes?
The above example clearly shows the standard errors in the preparation of such documents.
The main ones are:
The above requirements should be used both when compiling weekly forms, and when a report is generated on the work done for the year.
Suitable option
It is likely that the first time to make a quality report will not work. To make it easier for you to do this, here is an example of how it was necessary to write a report to the manager on the work done, indicated in the first example:
“To whom: the head of the planning department Ivanov P.M.
From whom: 1st category economist of the planning department Petrov Yu.R.
Report on the results of labor for (15.02.16-19.02.16)
For the reporting week, the following tasks were set for me:
All tasks were completed, namely:
- 5 timings were carried out and the same number of new norms for the work of the production workshop was drawn up;
- participated in the conference, a memo with proposals is attached.
Work was also carried out with the incoming documentation, namely:
- Compiled 2 responses to IOT requests.
- Responses to letters from Mr. Yurieva A. A., Zhakova S. I., Mileeva K. B.
A business trip is planned for the period from February 22, 2016 to February 26, 2016 in order to check the work of the structural subdivision of the Pechersk branch.
Compilation date: 02/19/16
Signature: Petrov Yu.R.”
Agree that this version of the report reads better, and the management can see how well one of the employees works.
How to write reports for longer periods?
Of course, a period of one week is not difficult to beautifully paint on paper. It is more difficult to make a report on the work done for half a year or even a year. However, this is easier to do than it might seem at first glance. For example, if you have weekly reports for the required period, then you can safely use them.
Maximum volume - 1 A4 sheet
At the same time, it is worth trying to enlarge the information somewhat so that the result fits on 1-2 pages. In the event that weekly results are not held in the organization, but you are obliged to generate a report on the work done for the year, you should not panic and fight in hysterics. 
All the information is around you: look at the history of messages in the document logs or in e-mail, open the folder with your reports, study travel sheets. All this will help to remember the feats that you accomplished during the working year.
Summing up
Above we have given some examples of how to write a progress report. The main thing is to state the operations performed, indicating quantitative characteristics (so many times or such and such a number of pieces, etc.). Thus, you will inform the management about how much work you managed to accomplish.
We must not forget to indicate at the beginning of the report a list of specific tasks that you were brought to complete. An important part is the completion of the report. Be sure to write what you want to implement at work in the near future. By this you will show that you look wider than just the area of your immediate duties and functions that must be performed according to the job description. 
You can also look at the example above.
In order to make it easier to compile such reports, you can write down the work done daily in a notebook or electronic document. You will spend only 3-5 minutes a day on this trifle. It's not that much. However, due to such records, you can easily create a report on your work for any period in the future without any problems.
